Eggs on the ceiling

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TOBIAS GRALI
Having opted for a ceiling lamp for general lighting, pay attention to the lamp power– it must be at least 75Tue
Photo by Evgeny Luchin
Who said that a chandelier in the kitchen is out of place? It’s just not for a small space.
BANKAMP
“Friendly family” pendant lamps from BANKAMP will not leave a dark corner
NOLTE
If the ceiling height allows, the lamps can be installed on top of wall cabinets
MARBEL
Photo by Karen Manko
It is not necessary that the “artificial sun” exist in the singular. Multiple light sources will distribute it more evenly
BANKAMP
To achieve full illumination of the dining table, you can use an autonomous lamp. There may be several if the table is long enough.

OLIGO

Decorative Incandescent Bulbs:
a– “candle in the wind”
b– sprayed flask
in– corrugated candle
G– Globe model
FALB
OLIGO
SCAVOLINI
Illuminated hood provides even illumination of the stove and sink
TECNOVETRO
Fluorescent lamps have the property of high light output and low energy consumption. The best option for the kitchen– elongated samples with a section of 7 or 16mm
NUOVA ELLELUXE
OLUSE
OLIGO
Luminaires placed around the perimeter of the ceiling visually expand the space
“MBTM”
Luminaires on brackets can be adjusted in the direction of the luminous flux
OLIGO
OLUSE
When choosing a lamp, it is important that it fits into the overall style of the room and does not conflict with the lighting sources of other areas.
OLUSE
MARBEL

At one of the specialized exhibitions, a funny lamp for the kitchen attracted everyone’s attention – “frying pan” on which “fried eggs” are fried. A truly gift for those who cannot do without humor even in the matter of arranging their apartment. But jokes are jokes, and kitchen lighting– a serious matter.

In every business– own laws

Photo by Karen MankoOf course, the lighting standards developed by scientists are obligatory only for specialists who equip public interiors. But they can be taken into account at least as recommendations. Illumination is set in special units– suites (lx). ATgeneral illumination of residential premises is considered sufficient if for 1m² area accounts for 15 to 20watts of incandescent lamp power. The overall illumination of the kitchen is significantly higher– 75W/m². ATcooking zone, it should be maximum– 100W/m²and in the dining area– fiftyW/m².

As for fire safety, the requirements for it are well known: do not place in close proximity to water (less than 0.6m) wiring elements, sockets, switches, high-voltage lamps, and all metal fittings designed for mains voltage must be grounded without fail. Above the sink and stove, fixtures marked IP22, that is, protected from dust and splashes, are quite appropriate. For those who want to play it safe, IP54 protection level is suitable. For them, halogen spots for a voltage of 12 will also be of interest.AT.

Another rule regarding the kitchen,– obligatory presence of a window providing insolation. However, the designers have already taken care of this. You just have to use the light wisely, for which you do not have to pay yet. If the kitchen window faces north, you may feel a lack of natural light. Light walls and ceiling will help to get out of the situation. Andthis is understandable, because the light reflection coefficient of white surfaces is 0.7-0.85, and,like green– already 0.02.

Some meter fighters close up the kitchen window to use another blank wall. Experts do not recommend doing this. It is better to place the desktop right under the window: there will be enough light, and it will be more fun for the hostess to work. The “blind” zone of the kitchen can also be when it is combined with the dining room and living room. ATIn this case, artificial lighting takes over the entire load. What should it be? How to choose the right lamp for the kitchen?

What light sources do you prefer?

When choosing a lamp for the kitchen, many prefer models with fluorescent or halogen sources. However, most types of these lamps produce a light output dominated by bluish-blue rays, which distort the color of food and cooked food.

Fluorescent lamps are attractive because their energy consumption is five times lower, and their light output is four– five times higher than conventional incandescent lamps. Yes, and they serve at five– eight times longer. The best option for the kitchen– elongated samples with a section of 7 or 16mm.

Halogen lamps are miniature, durable (2-6thousandhours), have high light output at low power consumption (14-25 lm/W). At power 20W they provide the same illumination as a 40 incandescent bulbTue Tubular “halogens” with a long spiral are suitable for the work area. Capsular, with a compact filament body and a variable angle of rotation– the perfect solution for suspended ceilings.

Nikita Kulagin, architect

“The best solution– rotary point light sources placed along the perimeter of the ceiling in the form of a luminous contour, this will visually expand the space. Such lamps can be rationally distributed over the entire surface of the ceiling. For the same purpose, fluorescent lamps with a power of 40W, but only with a warm, close to natural radiation spectrum. It is better to place them in one line along the working area with a distance of 50-60 from the wallsee If the ceiling height allows, the lamps can be installed on top of wall cabinets. They provide soft reflected light and visually increase the height of the room.

Fans of retro style can recommend a fabric, plastic or glass lampshade on a flexible spiral. By changing its vertical position, the general light can be instantly turned into an “intimate” one and vice versa.

Who said that a chandelier in the kitchen is out of place? It’s just that this solution is not for a small room. Best Option– chandeliers with two groups of lamps with independent switching. A group that directs the light down will provide local illumination, while up– general. To organize lighting in a kitchen that has a complex configuration, compact rotary lamps mounted on a busbar will help. They easily move along the bus-rail, changing the direction of the light flux.

An imitation of a window cut into the ceiling looks interesting. For this, suspended structures made of transparent materials are usually used. By the way, the “window” can really be cut through, but only in the false ceiling. ATpowerful light sources are placed in the resulting niche, and then covered with glass.

Kitchen “sunshine”

Appointment of general light in the kitchen– Replace natural lighting at night. Such light should be evenly distributed, diffused, soft and at the same time bright. For this purpose, a source with a capacity of 60-100Tue It is not necessary that the “artificial sun” exist in the singular– with several light sources it is easier to achieve its uniform distribution. The number of fixtures depends on the configuration and size of the room.

The traditional location of the lamp in the center of the kitchen is considered by many lighting designers to be an anachronism. FROMfrom the point of view of taste preferences, such categoricalness is hardly appropriate. Therefore, we will operate with more objective categories. The main argument against is that such a lamp only illuminates the center of the kitchen, often empty. Toin addition, a person engaged in cooking will cast a shadow on the cutting table, unless, of course, the working area is located in the center of the room.

Upon closer examination, it turns out that all these problems are not difficult to solve. For example, quite traditional ceiling lights with a frosted glass diffuser and a hole at the bottom, or directing the flow of light up to the ceiling, can easily cope with harsh shadows and uneven distribution of light. And in general, this is not a question about which it is worth breaking spears. Firstly, because lighting designers are able to offer many interesting options for organizing background lighting. BUTsecondly, overhead light does not play the main role in the kitchen.

“Putting” the light in the kitchen, experts proceed from the fact that this is primarily a room for cooking, and only then a place for a morning cup of coffee and a family dinner. Therefore, first of all, the problem of lighting the working area is solved, then the dining area, and the overhead light only complements various types of functional. ATsmall kitchens they can be completely neglected.

A bright path to culinary heights

“A LA CARTE“
A row of light bulbs under the wall cabinets directs the light directly to the work tableThe main requirement for lighting the work area– uniform distribution of a powerful, directed downward light flux on the surface of the cutting table, sink and stove. In this case, the formation of shadows is completely excluded.

There are not so many options for organizing working lighting. The easiest and most mobile– clothespin lamps attached to the edges of the shelves. But such a solution can only be seen as temporary. In the presence of hanging cabinets, it is best to place the lamps on their lower surface. To do this, use elongated fluorescent or low-voltage (12C) halogen lamps. The length of the first, as a rule, is 40-80cm, which corresponds to the standard dimensions of kitchen equipment. Compact, unobtrusive, they direct the light directly onto the desktop.

Another option– a row of single lamps located above the wall cabinets. When mounting appliances on the ceiling, step back from the wall by 60cm and do not lower them below the top edge of the shelves. On the wall, it is better to mount lamps on flexible or movable brackets, with which it is easy to adjust the direction of the light flux. If you do without wall cabinets, such models are especially appropriate. They usually use diffuse reflectors to protect the eyes from blinding light. Andmore– a single lamp above the working surface of the table should be placed on the left, of course, if you are not left-handed.

ATthe upper cornice of the wall cabinet is sometimes built in halogen spotlights, placing them on chrome rods. To illuminate the work surface, several lamps with a power of 10W set in 30-60 incrementscm.

For the work area, it is better to choose lamps with simple shapes and a smooth surface, which are easier to keep clean. This should not be neglected, because pollution can reduce the level of illumination by 10– twenty%. By the way, spotlights are the least likely to accumulate grease, dirt and dust.

If the working area of ​​the kitchen is away from the wall, the sources of working lighting are placed on the ceiling. ATIn this case, lamps on elongated cords with light-diffusing matte lampshades are suitable. Ready-made designs with spotlights are also used. But they, as a rule, do not look too aesthetically pleasing, and are several times more expensive than a conventional ceiling fixture.

Many manufacturers of kitchen equipment take care of lighting the work area. Most modern kitchen furniture is equipped with built-in lighting. Panels with a lamp, a socket for connecting household appliances, a timer and a switch are especially popular. The latest models use SoftLight technology, which allows you to smoothly adjust the intensity of the light flux. Another novelty– Dimm-function, with which you can change the brightness of the light, focusing it on the desired surface.

Today, no one is surprised by hoods equipped with lighting. Here, miniature incandescent lamps are usually used for 20-40W extended fluorescent (9-13W) and halogen (at 20W) lamps. The latter, by the way, equip the most expensive models. These sources provide approximately the same illumination of the plate. Sometimes their light is enough for the entire work area.

The interior lighting of kitchen cabinets is also becoming familiar. It is especially effective in cabinets with translucent doors, although this does not matter for lighting the working area. Some manufacturers go even further, finishing the ends of the cabinets with a material that can be saturated with light during the day, and give it in the dark in the form of a yellow, blue or turquoise glow. Arriving at such a kitchen at night, you will no longer stumble upon the sharp corner of the cabinet. Luminous borders, wall and floor tiles using LED or fiber optic technology also play a decorative and orienting role.

Lighting up the family meal

Perhaps lighting designers prefer the kitchen dining area to everyone else. After all, it provides much more scope for psychological and aesthetic exercises.

As in the work area, the light should be evenly distributed over the dining table top, covering its entire surface. This can be achieved by placing an autonomous lamp above the table. Or a few lamps if the table is long enough. They do not have to be placed in the same line and at the same height. Here you can give free rein to your imagination, not forgetting, however, that local lighting sources should be at least 50-60cm from the surface of the table, and the total– above the mark of 1.2-1.4m from her. Otherwise, soft, relaxing lighting will not work. By the way, a high-mounted lighting fixture makes lighting more solemn, low– cozy.

ATthe dining area is preferable to lamps with matte or white flasks, medium power, with directional light distribution and a natural radiation spectrum.

Speaking of comfort, we will again recall the lampshade. It can be made from any translucent material. But perhaps the best– this is a fabric that not only perfectly diffuses light, but also slightly colors the space around.

The option, when the dining table is pushed up to the wall, involves the use of sconces raised about a meter above the table top. Tall table lamps that direct light directly onto the table are also suitable. Floor lamps are also quite appropriate, the height of which is sufficient to illuminate the entire countertop. For those who lack intimacy in the dining area, low table lamps with diffused light can be recommended.

What does the market offer?

There are light sources from the best foreign manufacturers on the Russian market: OSRAM, PAULMANN, GENERAL ELECTRIC LIGHTING, PHILLIPS, SILVANIA andetc. Leading Russian electric lamp factories offer high-quality products– Saransky, Kalashnikovsky, Ufimsky, Smolensky andetc. The range of prices for products is very large. Models of Western manufacturers, as a rule, in 8-10times more expensive than domestic counterparts. The cheapest domestic halogen lamps can be purchased at a price of 10rub., imported– from 25rub. ATthe same amount will cost luminescent sources. The most technologically advanced models cost about three times more.

Our market is filled with lamps from China, Taiwan, Poland, Turkey, UAE. As a rule, they are inferior to the products of leading Western companies both in quality and design, and therefore have the lowest price category.– 100). Quite worthy products are offered by Russian companies, including MARBEL, SATURN, ELECTROLUCH, POINT OF SUPPORT andetc. Firms of Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Italy, the USA and Finland are in the lead in the market. The trendsetter for classic style lamps is Italy. Models of Austrian, Belgian and German firms are characterized by a more restrained design. Their prices range from $100 to $40000 and up for exclusive samples. Since kitchen lighting fixtures don’t have to be too fancy, you can get appliances at a very reasonable price. Thus, the Finnish company LIVAL offers a series of specialized lamps at a price of 600 to 10600rub., Austrian EGLO– from 300 to 5800rub., German OSRAM– from 400 to 3100rub.

The editors thank the companies AVANT, “SVETOIMPORT”, “MBTM”, GENERAL ELECRIC LIGHTING, as well as architects Nikita Kulagin and Inna Sokovnina for their help in preparing the material.